空气压缩机的原理

  • Article source:Industry News
  • Website editor:莱诺真空泵
  • Reading volume:
  • Publication time:2020-04-30 08:57:17

驱动机启动后,经三角胶带,带动压缩机曲轴旋转,通过曲柄杆机构转化为活塞在气缸内作往复运动。

当活塞由盖侧向轴运动时,气缸容积增大,缸内压力低于大气压力,外界空气经滤清器,吸气阀进入气缸;到达下止点后,活塞由轴侧向盖侧运动,吸气阀关闭,气缸容积逐渐变小,缸内空气被压缩,压力升高,当压力达到一定值时,排气阀被顶开,压缩空气经管路进入储气罐内,如此压缩机周而复始地工作,不断地向储气罐内输送压缩空气,使罐内压力逐渐增大,从而获得所需的压缩空气

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吸气过程:

螺杆式进气侧的吸气口,必须设计得使压缩室可以充分吸气,而螺杆式压缩机并无进气与排气阀组,进气只靠一调节阀的开启、关闭调节,当转子转动时,主副转子的齿沟空间在转至进气端壁开口时,其空间最大,此时转子的齿沟空间与进气口的自由空气相通,因在排气时齿沟的空气被全数排出,排气完了时,齿沟乃处于真空状态,当转到进气口时,外界空气即被吸入 ,沿轴向流入主副转子的齿沟内。当空气充满整个齿沟时,转子的进气侧端面转离了机壳的进气口,在齿沟间的空气即被封闭,以上为,[进气过程]。 4.2封闭及输送过程: 主副两转子在吸气终了时,其主副转子齿峰会与机壳闭封,此时空气在齿沟内封闭不再外流,即[封闭过程]。两转子继续转动,其齿峰与齿沟在吸气端吻合,吻合面逐渐向排气端移动,此即[输送过程]。 4.3压缩及喷油过程: 在输送过程中,啮合面逐渐向排气端移动,亦即啮合面与排气口间的齿沟间渐渐减小,齿沟内的气体逐渐被压缩,压力提高,此即[压缩过程]。而压缩同时润滑油亦因压力差的作用而喷入压缩室内与空气混合

排气过程:

当转子的啮合端面转到与机壳排气相通时,(此时压缩气体压力最高)被压缩的气体开始排出,直至齿峰与齿沟的啮合面移至排气端面,此时两转子啮合面与机壳排气口的齿沟空间为零,即完成(排气过程),在此同时转子啮合面与机壳进气口之间的齿沟长度又达到最长,其吸气过程又在进行 

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